Power Quality Enhancement Using Linear Quadratic Regulator Based Current-controlled Voltage Source Inverter for the Grid Integrated Renewable Energy System

This paper presents an optimal control strategy using linear quadratic regulator (LQR) applied in current-controlled voltage source inverter (CCVSI) to control the real and reactive power flow between the renewable energy system (RES) and the grid. It also compensates harmonic current components drawn by the load from the grid terminal. A simplified equivalent circuit is used to develop the reduced order state space model of the three-phase grid connected renewable energy system. This makes the analysis and design of control law simpler by reducing the number of weighing variables used in LQR. The extension real–reactive power (p–q) method implemented in a–b–c frame is used to generate the reference current for controlling the real and reactive power to the grid to minimize the total harmonic distortion (THD) and to achieve unity power factor (UPF) operation at the grid side. The stated technique makes the grid current sinusoidal even under unbalanced grid voltages and the harmonic distortion factors are well within the IEEE limits. The system is simulated under changes in the real power fed from RES to the grid for both balanced and unbalanced grid conditions. The simulation results are validated by the experimental results.     

Cascaded Multilevel Inverters Using Proposed Series Sub-multilevel Basic Blocks with Reduced Switching Devices

In this paper, a novel configuration of the cascaded multilevel inverters using series connection of new sub-multilevel basic blocks is presented. The basic structure of the proposed sub-multilevel inverter is made of three isolated batteries and eight unidirectional power switches. Hereby, by changing the polarity of one of such batteries and two power switches, two different modules of sub-multilevel inverters can be extracted that each of them is able to be incorporated into two different cascaded structures as the series basic blocks. Contemporary, to determine the suitable magnitudes of the integrated batteries, two different algorithms for each topology along with their relevant mathematical analysis have been also given. In this study, a complete comparison between the proposed topologies and several recently presented structures has been conducted. The compiled comparisons can prove the fact that both the proposed cascaded inverters are capable of generating a higher number of output voltage levels with less number of switching counts. Other advantages of these structures are reduction of voltage sources numbers, DC sources variety, value of total blocking voltage, and also conducting losses. In order to demonstrate the correct operation of the proposed structures and presented algorithms, some experimental results will be also shown.     

基于复数域标幺化的配电网三相不对称快速分解状态估计算法

提出一种基于复数域标幺化的配电网三相不对称快速分解状态估计算法。基于坐标变换的思想,引入基准相角进行复数域标幺化,对阻抗进行整体移相,减小R/X比值,弱化电压相角对有功、电压幅值对无功的影响,实现配电网状态估计的快速分解;根据网络特性,得出使得快速分解估计方法可靠收敛的最优基准相角的选取原则;为适应PQ快速分解状态估计模型,将电流幅值量测等效处理为功率量测。标准测试算例的仿真结果表明,所提快速分解状态估计方法在保证估计精度的同时,可改善配电网状态估计数值计算的稳定性,提高大规模配电网状态估计的在线计算速度。     

基于模态分析的风电场并网谐波谐振研究

针对风电场并网时易发生的谐波谐振问题,采用模态分析法对风电场并网系统的节点导纳矩阵进行解耦处理,并通过特征值分解确定其谐振频率、谐振中心等相关信息。首先建立并网LCL逆变器等效诺顿模型和电网等效模型,基于已建立模型,采用模态分析法分析风电场并网谐振现象并给出各节点谐振参与因子、谐振中心等谐振信息。基于仿真平台PSCAD按照某99 MW风电场参数搭建实例仿真模型,在验证模态分析法可行性的同时,深入研究随着风电场集电线路长度和风机并网台数改变时的并网谐振各节点参与因子与谐振中心的变化规律。     

计及风电不确定性的含UPFC电力系统的两阶段最优潮流

风速具有随机性和不确定性,大规模风电场的并网会影响电力系统的稳定性,而统一潮流控制器(UPFC)具有实时潮流控制能力,有利于系统稳定。建立计及风电不确定性的含UPFC的最优潮流模型,由日内滚动调度和实时调度两阶段组成。日内滚动调度阶段不考虑风电出力预测误差,制定机组出力计划,优化运行成本;实时调度阶段根据风电出力预测误差调节UPFC参数,实时修正运行计划,并进行潮流优化,以保证系统安全可靠。以IEEE 14节点系统和某实际系统为例进行算例分析,结果表明,所提模型可以通过UPFC的参数控制有效减少风电预测误差带来的影响,从而提高系统的经济性和安全性。     

主动配电网三相电压优化及校正控制方法

研究主动配电网三相电压的优化与校正控制技术,提出了全网集中优化、局部协调校正的控制方法。在长时间尺度内,协调全网有功和无功资源,基于半定规划理论建立计及本支路相间互感的主动配电网三相电压优化的数学模型,实现全网优化控制。在短时间尺度内,利用电压相量对节点注入功率的三相灵敏度建立电压相量校正二次规划模型,实现电压相量校正控制。IEEE 33节点三相标准测试系统的仿真表明,全网优化控制能有效降低网损,局部校正控制能利用最小的功率调整量快速校正越限节点的电压幅值,并减少三相不平衡度。     

多相并联的15 kW无线电能传输系统

设计了一种耦合电感的循环级联方法来实现多相逆变之间的电流平衡,并分析了耦合电感参数对系统性能的影响;对多相并联下系统主要的功率损耗进行了分析,以解释在大输出电流条件下多相系统具有较低损耗的原因,开发了6相D类半桥逆变并联的原型机对系统性能进行验证。实验表明该方法能够将相间电流不平衡控制在较好的范围之内。使用2个外边长90 cm×70 cm的4圈的平面矩形螺旋线圈,在距离20 cm时进行无线电能传输。当接收端整流桥后的6.87Ω负载上获得15 k W的功率时,测得发送端直流输入到接收端直流负载的DC-DC效率为94.7%。     

基于双Boost交联拓扑的三相功率因数校正器

研究了基于双Boost交联拓扑的三相功率因数校正器,其主支路三相不控整流器通过外加并联功率因数校正电路来改善网侧电流波形,提高功率因数。首先对主支路的拓扑结构以及工作方式进行分析,总结该拓扑的特点,并针对其特点提出相应的控制策略以及参数设计方案。理论分析和仿真、实验结果表明:这种新型三相功率因数校正器适用于恒功率负载场合,只需通过控制从整流器的选相开关以及双Boost交联变换器即可获得稳定的6脉波直流输出电压、理想的功率因数以及总谐波畸变率,而仅有约1/5的功率经过双Boost交联变换器。     

三相四线制有源电力滤波器多目标优化预测控制策略研究

针对传统基于3D-SVPWM调制的矢量控制策略对谐波信号跟踪动态效果差和控制目标单一的问题,在三相四线制不对称负载系统中,提出了一种多目标优化模型预测控制策略。建立四桥臂有源电力滤波器(FAPF)基于abg坐标系的离散化数学模型,实现自然解耦控制。对预测电流做两步预测,实现对其延时效应的补偿。设置电流跟踪偏差和开关频率为目标函数,量化控制目标,预先评估各开关状态的控制效果,根据评估结果决定变流器的开关状态,省去了PWM调制环节。讨论了采样频率和加权系数两个系统参数对开关频率和电流畸变率的影响。仿真结果表明,所提策略谐波电流跟踪性能良好,可有效降低开关频率。     

基于SVPWM和模糊PI参数自整定的Z源逆变器并网研究

相比于传统的电压/电流型逆变器,Z源逆变器能实现升降压变换的功能,同时桥臂不需要死区时间,变换器可靠性更高。在传统SVPWM调制方法里,通过在零矢量中插入直通状态(同一桥臂同时导通),使其应用在逆变器中。Z源逆变器在实现更好交流输出的同时,实现了对直流侧电压任意倍数的升压。对于Z源逆变器传统的控制策略是采用电压外环和电流内环构成的双环PI控制,但双环PI控制无法达到较高的控制精度并且并网电流谐波畸变率较高。针对PI控制的局限性,提出了模糊PI控制器。该控制器利用模糊控制技术,根据误差大小对PI参数进行实时在线调整,从而满足最优的性能要求。通过仿真研究,试验结果证实了所提方法的有效性和正确性。